Federal Workforce Pay & Data

Federal workforce compensation data, transparent and searchable. Powered by OPM FedScope (April 2026).

Total Employees

2,021,167

Median Pay

$106,296

Agencies

128

New Hires

9,724

Net Change

-22,014

Compensation

Federal Pay by State

Average federal employee compensation by duty station state

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Top Paying Agencies

Top 10 agencies by average compensation

Top Paying Occupations

Top 10 occupations by average compensation

Pay by Tenure

Average pay by years of federal service

30+ year veterans earn 51% more than new hires

Pay by Education

Average pay by highest education attained

Pay by Age

Average compensation across age groups

Workforce Composition

Pay by Field

health occupations

196,024 employees

$157,740

stem occupations

146,294 employees

$134,842

all other occupations

690,380 employees

$100,298

Health & STEM roles earn 57% more than other fields

Supervisory Pay Gap

Supervisors & Managers

102,813 employees

$148,791

Non-Supervisory

931,246 employees

$112,457

Supervisors earn 32% more than non-supervisory

Work Schedule

Employee distribution by work schedule type

GS Grade Distribution

Employee count by General Schedule grade level

STEM vs Non-STEM Pay

Average pay by tenure — STEM workers vs all others

Attrition & STEM

Why People Leave

Separation reasons across the federal workforce

Biggest Agency Changes

Agencies with the largest net workforce decline

STEM Brain Drain

2025 replacement rates by field — how many hires per departure

Engineering

6.3% replaced

2,242 departed142 hired

Science

8% replaced

2,179 departed175 hired

Technology

9.6% replaced

1,872 departed180 hired

Mathematics

14.9% replaced

281 departed42 hired

All Other

33.9% replaced

23,426 departed7,937 hired

Health

57.6% replaced

1,493 departed860 hired

Math & Tech replaced at ~12% — while Health is at 57.6%

Hardest Hit States

Lowest replacement rates — departures vs. new hires in 2025

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Maryland: 6% replacement — 1,659 departed, only 99 hired

STEM Positions Lost

Top STEM roles by net workforce loss in 2025

IT Management alone lost 1,692 net — Economists at just 0% replacement

STEM Loss: Defense vs Civilian

Net STEM worker loss by sector in 2025

Defense: 1,837 departed, 221 hired · Civilian: 3,370 departed, 21 hired

9,724

New Hires

31,738

Departures

-22,014

Net Change

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Source: U.S. Office of Personnel Management · FedScope Data